Category: INT. Pulse

Two phones with coins transferring between them, representing a tech fix.

A Payments Giant Quietly Fixed Its Biggest Tech Bottleneck

December 18, 2025

In every growing enterprise, especially in regulated industries like finance and payments, there comes a point when what once worked stops working. Processes begin to diverge. Infrastructure becomes tribal. Release velocity slows, while risk quietly rises. This is the story of one such transformation, where a national-scale payment infrastructure provider moved from inconsistency and invisible risk to governance, speed, and operational clarity. It’s a case study in how DevOps, done right, can be a business enabler, not just an engineering improvement. The Context: Stability at the Cost of Velocity The organization in question is a national payment network operating in a tightly regulated financial environment. It connects banks, credit unions, and third-party payment processors and processes millions of transactions every day. For years, the systems were reliable. The teams were committed. Releases happened. Systems ran. But behind that surface-level calm, deeper issues had started to emerge: Different teams had built their own CI/CD pipelines. Infrastructure provisioning was still manual in many places. Rollback processes were inconsistent, sometimes undocumented. Governance existed, but outside the delivery process. Cloud costs were rising faster than the pace of delivery. Visibility across environments was fragmented and reactive. It wasn’t a crisis. But it was unsustainable. As one of their senior leaders put it:“We’ve grown fast, but we’ve accumulated too many ways of doing the same thing and too many gaps that only individuals remember to close.” The Problem: Lack of Systemic Trust From a CXO’s perspective, the issue wasn’t tooling or talent. It was the absence of systemic trust. Trust that every environment was consistent. Trust that every release has passed the same tests and validations. Trust that compliance wasn’t a separate checklist but built into the process. Trust that rollbacks were available and wouldn’t require heroics. In short, the systems weren’t broken, but they couldn’t scale. And in regulated environments, anything that can’t scale safely becomes a liability. The Mandate: Rebuild Delivery with Control and Confidence The brief was clear: “Create a delivery foundation where speed, compliance, rollback safety, and traceability coexist, without slowing teams down.” We approached this not as a tooling upgrade but as a systems realignment. The recommendation was to establish a DevOps Center of Excellence (CoE), not as a team, but as a framework for how delivery should operate across the enterprise. The DevOps CoE focused on six transformation pillars: 1. Assessment & Audit We mapped existing pipelines, infra provisioning methods, and governance steps. This revealed a patchwork of custom logic, manual interventions, and undocumented assumptions. 2. CI/CD Standardization Using GitHub Actions, we established unified pipelines across dev, staging, and production. Every deployment now followed a common, observable, and repeatable path. 3. Infrastructure as Code We shifted provisioning to Terraform, introduced versioned blueprints, and enforced parity across environments. 4. Policy as Code Instead of relying on external approvals or documentation, we embedded compliance checks directly into the CI/CD process. Governance moved from post-deployment to pre-deployment. 5. Rollback Enablement Every deployment had an associated rollback mechanism, tested and documented. Failures became manageable events, not overnight firefights. 6. Monitoring & Observability Dashboards now offered real-time visibility into environment health, deployment status, and system changes, accessible to both engineering and audit teams. This wasn’t about automation for its own sake. It was about creating calm, predictable systems in a complex, regulated environment. The Outcomes: Faster Releases, Fewer Incidents, Greater Visibility Within months, the impact was measurable and meaningful: Metric Result Release Time Reduced by 55% Rollback Incidents Dropped by 61% Developer Autonomy Increased significantly Audit Preparation Time Reduced to near zero Cloud Cost Predictability Improved via consistent IaC Governance Confidence Embedded and observable But the real outcome wasn’t just in the numbers. It was in the culture shift. Releases became quiet. Recoveries became simple. What once required a chain of approvals, escalations, and anxiety, now just worked. Strategic Takeaways for CXOs For leaders in regulated enterprises, this story offers key insights: 1. Governance should be a system, not a process. When compliance is embedded into the CI/CD pipeline, it becomes consistent, enforceable, and invisible. 2. Speed without safety is a risk. But safety without speed is costly. Standardized DevOps helps you avoid both extremes and operate with confidence. 3. Infrastructure isn’t back-office. It’s a business lever. When infrastructure is codified, observable, and auditable, it reduces cost, risk, and friction. 4. Rollbacks are not optional. A resilient system isn’t one that never fails; it’s one that recovers quickly and cleanly. Closing Thought This transformation wasn’t driven by a breakdown, but by foresight. The leadership team understood that clarity scales, while chaos compounds.And they chose to act before it became urgent. In doing so, they didn’t just modernize DevOps.They made delivery consistent, auditable, and ready for growth at scale. Ready to explore this for your enterprise? Whether you’re in financial services, insurance, or any regulated domain, the ability to deliver secure, governed, and repeatable releases is critical. We help enterprise technology leaders build DevOps systems that are engineered for trust, speed, and compliance. 👉 Talk to our team, and let’s build your delivery foundation for the next phase of growth. Frequently Asked Questions 1. What problem was this organization facing? The organization was experiencing growing inconsistency across its delivery processes. While systems were stable, CI/CD pipelines, infrastructure provisioning, and rollback mechanisms varied by team, creating hidden risk, slowing delivery, and making governance difficult to scale in a regulated environment. 2. Why wasn’t this considered a crisis? There were no major outages or failures. Systems were functioning, and releases were happening. However, the lack of standardization and visibility meant risk was accumulating quietly, making the operating model unsustainable as the organization continued to grow. 3. What made this a business issue rather than just a technical one? From a leadership perspective, the core issue was the absence of systemic trust. Executives couldn’t consistently guarantee that releases were compliant, environments were identical, or rollbacks were reliable. In regulated industries, that uncertainty becomes a business liability. 4. What was the primary goal of the transformation? The goal

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The Day the System Didn’t Show Up

December 17, 2025

It started on a Monday morning, like most escalation stories do. A field agent, working in a flood-affected remote town, tried to file a claim for a distressed customer whose home had been severely damaged. The portal wouldn’t load. The app, beautiful in boardroom demos, didn’t work offline. The customer, already in crisis, had no idea what was happening. The agent, frustrated and helpless, had no way to assist. By noon, the call center was flooded. SLAs were being missed. Email queues were ballooning. Oddly, dashboards at the headquarters were still showing “all green.” On paper, everything looked fine. But in reality, the system wasn’t working where it mattered: in the field, under pressure, during chaos. The system hadn’t crashed. It had simply stopped being useful.  “Digital transformation isn’t about going digital. It’s about showing up when it matters the most.” When Everything Works… Except When It’s Needed This wasn’t a small or inexperienced insurer. They had already invested years and significant capital into digitizing their operations, web portals, backend integrations, analytics dashboards, and workflow tools. Technically, the “transformation” was done. But when we asked a simple question to the leadership team: “When your customer is in trouble, can they trust your system to respond faster than your competitor’s?” Silence. Because the answer wasn’t in the room, it was out there, on the ground, in the hands of customers and agents who were being failed by the very system meant to empower them. The issue wasn’t a bad line of code or a server glitch. It was a fundamental disconnect between what the system promised and what it delivered in real-world conditions. The tools worked well inside air-conditioned offices. The workflows looked impressive in demos. The interfaces were sleek and responsive, provided there was good internet. But none of that mattered in a disaster zone where people needed urgent help, the network was unreliable, and time was short. We Didn’t Start With Technology. We started with listening. Before we looked at code or architecture, we listened. We spoke to: Agents working in rural and semi-urban areas with poor connectivity. Customers dealing with post-disaster confusion, trying to track claims. Claims processors are stuck in endless back-and-forth emails due to system mismatches. Support staff answering the same customer questions repeatedly. Product owners who were aware of issues but were unable to push fixes in time. The feedback was consistent and revealing: Claim status updates were out of sync across systems. Field agents had no usable tools when offline. Customers didn’t know what to expect, when, or how. Release cycles were too slow to respond to real-world feedback. The frontend and backend contradicted each other regularly. This wasn’t a broken system. This was a system that had never been tested under real-life stress conditions. The Turning Point Wasn’t a Feature. It Was a Leadership Decision. The transformation began not with a tool, but with a choice. The leadership team decided to pause the feature race and ask the hard question: “Can we trust our system to work on our worst day, not just our best?” They chose to optimize for chaos, not just for compliance. For clarity, not just capability. For confidence, not just cosmetics. And that was the real pivot. We Didn’t Just Rebuild the Platform. We Rebuilt Trust. The company didn’t need a shiny new app. They needed confidence, internally and externally, that the system would show up when it mattered most. So, we focused on real-world usability and resilience: Built offline-first tools for agents to work anywhere, anytime. Implemented real-time claim tracking that customers could access easily. Ensured backend data integrity so that the front end reflected reality. Moved to modular architecture to enable faster, safer releases. Reworked interfaces to support every stakeholder across devices, roles, and regions. This wasn’t glamorous work. But it was the kind of foundational work that makes technology disappear into the background, letting humans focus on helping humans. The Results Were Clear and Compelling Within just a few months of relaunch: Support tickets dropped by 65% Claim resolution times improved by 40% Field agent activity nearly tripled Self-service adoption grew by over 3X Time to push updates decreased by 74% The system didn’t just “go digital.”It became dependable, and that made all the difference. Five Questions Every Digital Leader Should Ask We often measure transformation in terms of features shipped or budgets spent. But real transformation is measured by outcomes and trust. Here are a few uncomfortable, but essential, questions every digital leader should consider: Is your system built for perfect conditions or the messy reality your users live in? When something breaks, how fast can your teams detect and respond? Do your dashboards reflect reality, or just the sanitized version? Can your field agents work confidently, without workarounds? Are your release cycles aligned with reality or stuck in bureaucracy? If the answer to any of these is unclear, it’s time to dig deeper. Because in insurance, and frankly, in most industries today, reliability is the new moat. And trust is the ultimate value proposition. Let’s Talk About Building Systems That Show Up This story isn’t unique. If you’ve ever wondered why your digital investments aren’t translating into field impact or customer trust, you’re not alone. And if this feels familiar, maybe it’s time to talk. Not a pitch. Just a real conversation about building dependable systems, ones that work when everything else is falling apart. 👉 Contact us here—let’s explore how your systems can start showing up when it matters most. Frequently Asked Questions 1. What does it mean when a system fails in real life? Even if a system doesn’t crash, it can still fail if it doesn’t work in real-world scenarios, like poor connectivity or high-stress situations. 2. Why is offline access important in insurance apps? Claims often come from disaster zones. Offline tools help agents file claims without the internet, improving response time and trust. 3. How does modular architecture help insurers? It speeds up updates, reduces downtime, and allows

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🤖 We use AI – Means we don’t use AI.

December 1, 2023

Dear Colleague, we have officially put our foot in December’s door and we thought it was our fiduciary duty to update each one of our 58,000 readers on how corporate language should be truly deciphered for the rest of the year. Alright then, here are some mission critical phrases we heard in meeting rooms through 2023, followed by what they truly mean: “Let me check with my team” = I forgot “Possibly” = Impossible “On my roadmap” = Won’t happen “This will be done in Q4” = Will try in Q2 next year “Let’s take this offline/circle back” = We’ll never speak of this again “35,000 foot view” = I don’t know what I’m saying “Low hanging fruit” = Easy promotion “Challenging landscape” = We’re going out of business, rapidly “Digital transformation” = We’re going out of business, slowly “All hands on deck” = Can we please try once? and… “We use AI” = We don’t use AI —— 🏆 At IAMAI’s iconic DNB Awards 2023, this monthly email was declared as one of India’s top 3 business newsletters. Experian, Make My Trip, and INT. Pulse were the three finalists and MMT bagged the winning trophy, leaving us in the dust. Are we going to try and become the champion next year? “Possibly” 😅 STATS: 71% Employees Want Appraisals Done By AI Indian managers listen up, please. It seems your credibility – when it comes to employee performance reviews – is at an all-time low. What The Eff? We kid you not. Per this report by the HR experts at Ultimate Kronos Group (UKG), 71% of Indian employees would rather have their performances evaluated by AI than their managers. We reckon this could be due to two reasons: 1️⃣ Rising trust in artificial intelligence (AI), or 2️⃣ Sinking trust in managerial performance evaluations. But irrespective of the reason, the end result is not looking good for Indian managers. What Else Does This Report Reveal? Since you asked: 💡92% of respondents acknowledge the role AI plays in assisting managers in creating employee schedules, while 89% believe AI should help. 💡95% of employees surveyed also feel AI can improve their quality of life, meaning so far, employees have benefitted much more from the usage of AI than the organisations they work for. But since this newsletter is not written by a bot, we beg to differ. 😁 Need HR Analytics help? Reach out to Dipak, our resident AI man. We estimate 92% of our readers should get in touch with Dipak in 3…2…1. Healthcare: AI Doctor In A Shopping Mall Near You Oh boy, imagine this. In a neighbourhood shopping mall, you approach a metallic, square 8×8 foot box and unlock it with your phone. Once inside, you find a chair and a large screen, where a robotic voice guides you through a body scan or a blood pressure reading or a finger prick blood draw — all of which you do on your own to receive a hospital grade diagnosis and a prescription. Is This Checkout Humour? We assure you it ain’t. Because according to Adrian Aoun, who cofounded San Francisco-based health tech startup Forward in 2016 and recently announced a fresh USD100 million in funding, the future of healthcare is an AI-powered mall kiosk he’s dubbed the “CarePod.” Going Forward. . . Forward is working hard to bring 25 of these pods to malls across the US, and the startup compares its healthcare approach to what Elon Musk is building at Tesla. The objective, akin to Musk’s vision of self-driving cars, is to put medicine on autopilot. 🎙️“Slowly but surely we’re just migrating every single thing from doctor and nurse to hardware and software.” “In fact, we don’t even believe a doctor’s office should exist,” the cofounder told Forbes. Doctors reading this be like – 🥱😆 Rising Dough: Indian Tech Startups ‘Do Well’ Every other day, you will see an entrepreneur on LinkedIn – complete with a tagline like, ‘bootstrapped to 100 gazillion’, or ‘solving the world’s greatest pain point through alien technology’ – write a post that starts with ‘the life of an entrepreneur is like selling bad karma at hell’s door’. While that is true in some ways, the highs entrepreneurs experience once in a while makes up for all the pain, we guess. Yeah? Hell, yeah! Per this MoneyControl report, SoftBank Vision Fund’s finance chief just announced that valuations of portfolio companies like Swiggy, FirstCry, and Ola Electric have been marked up in the September quarter. We have been following this space for a bit and clearly, this is a move that could be an early sign of private market prices of tech companies bouncing back after a prolonged slide. Doing Relatively Very Well SoftBank also stressed that 6 companies from its India portfolio — OYO, Swiggy, Ola Electric, OfBusiness, Lenskart, and FirstCry are among the top 15 of its private holdings worldwide. 📌At least 4 of these 6 Indian companies will IPO next year, per the grapevine. More power to entrepreneurs, please. ✊ Stuff We Are Watching 📌Take Off Those Glasses: Point your smartphone through a pair of glasses with a certain power. Then tap the screen until the “AF/AE lock” function appears. Use it to get a focus lock. Now remove the lens and voila! This is how the person who wears those glasses actually sees the world without them. An eye opening tech use case by Sakata Yoshi. 📌India Is A Rising Star: According to Wharton professor’s iconic ‘Best Country in the World’ list, India is inching up slowly, from No. 31 last year to No. 30 this year. Even though it hasn’t cracked the top 10, Prof. Reibstein said he’s keeping an eye on the country. India doesn’t score well on social purpose, but it ranked fifth as a mover. The rankings are here. . . 📌When AI Explains Maby Baking: One tough thing about parenting is explaining to kids how babies are made. It will have the best of us fumble

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INT. Pulse

 Close shave – Thank your asteroids.

July 27, 2023

Dear Colleague, we woke up today with a bit of a ‘dinosaur feeling’. 🦖 How Come? The Jurassic emotion was a direct result of finding out that a house-sized asteroid is making a very close pass of our planet today.  Fyi, when faced with the wrath of such a rogue rock, the dinosaurs were not so lucky, and that’s evident because these days you are filling up their remains in your car’s fuel tank.  🦖 + ☄️ = ⛽ What’s On The Rocks? As you read this, Asteroid 2018 BG5, a space rock from the Apollo group of near-Earth asteroids, will fly by earth (July 27,2023) at a speed of 30,094 kays an hour, per NASA’s Center for Near-Earth Object Studies (CNEOS).  The asteroid will come as close as 4.1 million kilometers to us – a distance which may seem large, but it is relatively small in astronomical terms, considering the vastness of space and the size of the asteroid. Should You Withdraw All Your Savings? No. No. NASA’s best have assured that there is no risk of impact with Earth today or in the foreseeable future. ⚠️ However, even a small asteroid can cause significant damage if it enters the Earth’s atmosphere, as shown by the Chelyabinsk meteor event in 2013, when a 59 feet asteroid exploded over Russia, injuring over 1000 people and damaging nearly 8000 buildings. STATS: Sorry, The Doctor Isn’t Available Life sciences leaders, heads up. Are your sales reps getting the cold shoulder/elbow nudge from doctors more often these days? Turns out, they are not trying to hoodwink your system while catching up on Oppenheimer during office hours. Yeah? How Is That? A new CMI Media Group survey of physicians across countries is providing fresh evidence that face to face meetings with doctors is becoming a rare commodity since COVID-19. When asked, 25% of the doctors reported reducing face-to-face interactions. With another 10% of doctors permanently closing their doors for reps, the survey suggests pharmaceutical companies will find it increasingly tough to put their drugs in front of ~35% of physicians via the traditional in-person route. Aha. What Could Work Then? To start, how doctors utilise their time roughly maps onto the value they place on each touchpoint. Print and online journals are on top, with 79% finding them very or extremely useful. Pharma reps on the other hand, are pretty much down on the attention radar. Only 33% doctors find reps very or extremely useful, placing them below resources like medical websites and unbranded disease education from biopharma. Bonus Data Points 🍎 99% doctors engage with print/online journals or medical websites at least once a month. 🍎 75% also engage with search engines and email, online drug references, direct mailers, medical apps, professional online communities, brand emails, medical videos on YouTube, and medical podcasts. The doctors’ world is clearly leaning towards an omnichannel approach. If you need to explore such a strategy, chat up with Anindya, our resident Life Sciences man. Psst, he curates the most amazing conversations over ☕️. Ai & ANALYTICS: The Chatbot Will See You Now Unlike physicians who are reducing their face time with med reps, did you know chatbots have no pressing personal issues (yet) and are doing mankind some sterling service?  I Do  This blurb refers to securing consent from humans for stuff like clinical trials and other life sciences related studies, where, hold our battery pack, chatbots are doing very well.  Seriously? Yo! Results from a study of the use of a chatbot in the consent process show that it encourages inclusivity, and leads to faster completion of the process with high levels of understanding.  On the flip side, the traditional method of securing consent lacks a mechanism to verify understanding objectively, just like all the web forms we give consent to without understanding zilch of the fine print.  Comparatively, the chat-based method can test comprehension, disqualifying users who do not show understanding to give consent; rather, it puts them in touch with a genetic counsellor to figure out why knowledge transmission did not occur.  Pretty dang smart for a piece of software, talking of which, we have a whole bunch of AI-powered chat bots held in a big steel vault behind Dipak’s office desk. Get in touch with him to deploy one for your business.  BFSI: A Single Source of Truth We’ve been swamped with news, stories, videos, and you-name-it, all revolving around artificial intelligence, once prompting OpenAI’s CEO to say, people are ‘begging to be disappointed’ about GPT4, meaning let’s water down the hype, please.  But amid all the speculation and noise, what are the most achievable, real world uses of AI?  The BFSI Space Is A Great Start, We Say The BFSI sector is flourishing with AI tech integrating with many functions, from the digital KYC verification process to evaluating credit scores.  However, to quench the thirst of the customer base accustomed to the convenience of digital tools, the industry needs to deploy more AI tech, the first among them could be;  Customised Experience: Because of the very nature of the trade, BFSI players have always had a finger on consumer pulse. Time to take that to the er, bank. Their spending patterns and investment portfolios can assist BFSI businesses to build relevant, personalised messages, enabling them to better present their products and services across various platforms, improving acquisition and loyalty.  This is where AI and data analytics shine, delivering value by creating a single source of truth from an ocean of data from within and outside the business.  Fraud Detection: While the original BFSI fraud detection model is focused on detecting fraudulent transactions – an area where generative AI has added a powerful weapon to the fraud detection arms depot – a gap remains.  You guessed right, detecting fraudulent human behaviour. Fraud does not happen in vacuum or underwater. People commit fraud.  AI can also be deployed to comb through the field of behavioural indicators. It’s time to task AI with sifting through the subtleties of human communications — written

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INT. Pulse

INT. PULSE

June 29, 2023

Dear Colleague, these days, if a tech newsletter does not start with the acronyms AI or ML, it can be safely assumed that its writers are probably living under a rock. Thus, to mask our prehistoric addresses from over 40 thousand monthly readers, we are starting June’s Pulse with an AI story, but there’s a twist. Out With It, Please. Okay, so word on the street is, contrary to the doomsayers, AI and ML seem to be creating new jobs for humans, faster than they are killing employment. No Way! Surpriiise. A good 75% of companies think that they will adopt AI in their businesses soon enough; the great challenge now is to get the staff with the necessary expertise to fill these new jobs. Many human resources folk are also suddenly agreeing that the labour market is being shaken by the demand for new workers in AI-related areas. Where Are These New Jobs? Alright, we will start you off with two.  For instance, AI can create personalised medicinal treatments, precision farming and sophisticated industrial methods. These new products and services can lead to new responsibilities in research, development and marketing, along with new skills and experience requirements.   The emergence of AI-powered digital assistants and smart home appliances has opened up new career prospects for hardware engineers, data analysts and software developers, akin to how autonomous vehicle and drones have opened up new career prospects for engineers, technicians and logistics specialists. Always A Catch While more employment is always cool, AI is expected to make some jobs obsolete too, especially in the content generation area.  This means, pretty soon, as generative AI begins to write this newsletter, you may receive INT. Pulse twice a day instead of once a month, and we will have retired to the Himalayas.  Win-Win  STATS: When Every Analytical Tool Failed Sample this.  On 14th June, Sweden reported unexpectedly high inflation for May, causing economists and all their tech tools to wonder: What on earth kept prices that high? (Side Talk: Dealing with an analytical crisis? Solve it over a  with Dipak Singh, our analytics & AI head honcho). And then it dawned upon them like a Manali sunrise: Beyoncé.  The pop superstar put her Renaissance tour on the road in Stockholm last month, pulling 80,000+ fans to the city over two nights.  Danske Bank finally deciphered that for this influx of concertgoers, hotels and restaurants upped their prices to such a degree, it skyrocketed overall inflation.   Your TakeawayThe fact that one person, by the sheer force of her popularity, was responsible for higher inflation in an entire country is…beyond analytics.  Danske’s chief Swedish economist, Michael Grahn, quoted, “It’s quite astonishing for a single event. We haven’t seen this before.” Well, now we have.  GA4: Underreporting Traffic? No Papa Alright peeps, the Universal Analytics (UA) sun is finally setting and come July, Google Analytics 4 (GA4) is all we have, making migration to this new platform mandatory. But, but, but… with GA4, you may also be saying hello to underreported website traffic. Before you start comparing it to the train wreck some recent Windows upgrades were, we advise you to read on. What Happened Here? Indian proptech giant, Square Yards, usually gets ~70% of its web traffic from mobile devices and the rest from Desktops/tablets. But on switching to GA4, they found a hot-potato drop in traffic stats. On fishing in deeper waters, the folks at SY found that mobile traffic was under-reported by the GA4 tracker. This could also be-happening/happen to you. GA4, Give Me Everything Please So, there’s this important setting in the GA4 Console that allows Google to collect metadata about granular device details of your site and app visitors, so it can provide you with location and device-based info. This is turned OFF by default for any new property being created in the GA Dashboard. 🤷🏻‍♀️ Fix? 1️⃣ Go to your GA4 property settings 2️⃣ Select Data Collection, and 3️⃣ Enable Granular location and device data collection. Aaaand, you’re done. 📌 We are keeping our crawlers active on GA4 stories for a ‘best hacks and tips blurb’ in our July edition. Btw, if you need help with GA4 migration, or perhaps, take GA4 to its optimum limits to power growth for your business, Sanjeeb and his team are all set to help you out. Reach out to Sanjeeb here. AI/ML: How Nvidia Hit A Jackpot Selling Chips We’ve all heard of cashing in your chips post winning big but selling chips to hit a jackpot? That’s a new one and the trophy goes out to hardware giant, Nvidia. How Come? 1️⃣ For starters, you should know Nvidia (USD960B)* is now worth more than: *as on May 27, 2023. 2️⃣ This is the company that started 30 years ago and was for almost all its life, only a video game chip maker. 3️⃣ You should also know that over three decades, Nvidia was on the verge of bankruptcy 3 times. How On Earth Then……? It turns out Nvidia’s GPUs (originally created to improve gaming graphics) are also well suited for the data processing and model training demands of generative AI. Like this analyst said, “Training AI models demands chips that have large memory…Nvidia is the only company making those chips.” The rest is history (in the making). ­Stuff We Are Watching 📌Instant Productivity Boost: You know what’s hot? Bring your own device (BYOD) programs are, as they can potentially save organisations big money on equipment – and they might increase productivity.. but there are flip sides too. 📌 A Funding Tip That Works: CEOs and CFOs looking for funding? Remember, when framing your competition to investors without having to buy them antacids or anti-stress pills, follow this hierarchy of competition, from most worrisome to least. 📌 Are Cookies Dying? In one word? Yes. In fact, we may have only 50-odd weeks left. That’s the estimate for cookie-pocalypse. Educated guesses we gathered from all over indicate that Google will get rid of 3P cookies in Chrome around

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INT. Pulse

INT. PULSE

May 26, 2023

Dear Colleague, each month, all of us at INT. Marketing dive into a dizzying research gig to write the best opening section of this newsletter (Fyi, Pulse has 35K+ monthly subscribers now 😎). Here’s this month’s winner – the Forrest Gump of tech, aka, Yahoo! And Why Is That? Sample this – Yahoo had a peak dotcom-days valuation of USD125 billion but ultimately – hold our coffees – was sold to Verison for USD4.8 billion in 2016. Here are five 🤯 Yahoo moments: In 1998 Yahoo refused to buy Google for USD1 million. 4 years later, in 2002, Google said it would sell to Yahoo for USD5 billion (but Yahoo only offered USD3 billion, meaning – no deal, sir.) ⏩ to 2006, Yahoo offered USD1 billion for Facebook but Zuckerberg turned it down. Sources said, if Yahoo had increased their bid to USD1.1 billion, Facebook’s board may have pushed for sale, but Yahoo didn’t budge. Come 2008, Microsoft offered to buy Yahoo for USD46 billion, but Yahoo said ‘Noooooo Wayyyyy!’ And finally, in 2013, Yahoo bought Tumblr for USD1.1 billion, writing it down to USD230 million just 3 years later. Psst: Also, instead of Tumblr, it considered buying Netflix for USD4 billion, now worth USD140 billion. STATS: Fastest Finger Hand First In a world where acronyms like DAU and MAU rule the roost, your mother-in-law will tell you that it would be wise to know the number of years it took each of the following to gain 50 million users, per the World of Statistics: Airlines: 68 yearsCars: 62 yearsTelephones: 50 yearsCredit Cards: 28 yearsTV: 22 yearsComputers: 14 yearsThe Internet: 7 yearsPayPal: 5 yearsYouTube: 4 yearsFacebook: 3 yearsTwitter: 2 yearsWeChat: 1 year ChatGPT: A little less than 30 days, and……🏆 PornHub: 19 days AI/ML: How Big Tech Effed Up (Major Time) ­All of us are in the know about tech layoffs, triggered by the arrival of generative AI. However, while dishing out pink slips may have made investors happy, there is another side to the story. Yeah? And What Is That? The AI Trap. Let us explain. As generative AI and coding took off, massive layoffs, led by big tech firms were triggered across the tech world. But, but, but, all these former employees are now going and building serious competition in 1/10th the time it would take biggies to get there. On the other hand, the big guys are perpetually stuck in meeting/webinar hell, arguing over use cases, tech stack, safety, and deployment methods, while solo developers knock the wind out of them, meaning, the long tail of software just grew 100X. Was It Avoidable? Probably not. You see, Covid tailwinds resulted in a huge surplus as people spent more time online and the big boys used that tailwind to hire, expecting never-ending growth. As the Covid winds died down, growth in tech crashed, leaving big tech players bloated, less agile, and ready to walk into the AI trap, with arms wide open. 💡 At INT., we have an agile AI and Advanced Analytics setup that is doing some cool work in the BFSI, Life Sciences and Retail space. Reach out to Dipak Singh to know how you can reduce costs and improve customer acquisition. ☕️ The coffee is on us! BFSI: Fintech Market Correction Is ‘Short Term’ For the last year or so, fintech exuberance has been served a super-strong shot of black coffee, with regulations clamping down hard, valuations dropping by 60% across the sector, and funding drying up by almost 43%, YoY. So, Is Fintech Dying? In one word – NO WAY! Per this BCG-QED report, the fintech growth story is only in its initial stage and is expected to grow to a USD1.5 trillion industry by 2030. Here are some key takeaways from that report. Sit back and get a hold of this. Where Does Fintech Stand Today? Word on the street is that the fintech journey is still at infancy and will continue to disrupt the financial services industry over time. Basis of that belief is; customer experience remains poor and with over 50% of the global population remaining unbanked or underbanked, financial technology (FinTech) is the only means to unlock new use cases, resulting in growth going up by leaps and bounds. Deepak Goyal, MD, BCG, opines that all stakeholders must therefore seize the moment. Regulators need to be proactive and lead from the front. Incumbents should partner with fintechs to accelerate their own digital journeys. APAC To Lead The Fintech Show Asia-Pacific is this big unserviced market, with almost USD4 trillion in financial services revenue pools, and is slated to outpace the US to become the world’s top fintech market by 2030. This growth will be driven primarily by Emerging APAC (e.g. China, India, and Indonesia) at a projected CAGR of 27%. 🔥 What’s Hot & Happening In Fintech? While payments led the last leg, B2B2X and B2b (serving small businesses) will lead the next. B2B2X is made up of B2B2C (enabling other players to better serve consumers), B2B2B (enabling other players to better serve businesses), and financial infrastructure players. The B2B2X market is expected to grow at a 25% CAGR to reach USD440 billion in annual revenues by 2030. 💡 Need to create and implement your B2B2X strategy? Souvik Chaki is your go to person, so feel free. Stuff We Are Watching ­📌 Are Credit Cards Dying? Because from now on, you can get easy credit on UPI as well. Here’s how this disruptive feature can boost the Indian Economy, or turn into a recovery nightmare, depending on who’s reading. 📌 Big Tech Work Cultures: Sample this and guess which company these people hail from – Super thoughtful, similar to Microsoft, platform mindset, but sometimes too slow to act. All Big Tech work cultures, summed up by one observer here… 📌 Why Optimise Code Anymore: Remember the old times when most software installation was done via 1.4 MB floppy disks? With storage space restrictions dead, why should developers optimise code?

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INT. Pulse

INT Pulse

April 26, 2023

Dear Colleague, there you are at your desk, starting the day with a review of your 80/20 list and suddenly –  upcoming meeting alert – or in other words, the sound of your workday dying.  Fret not, because just like you, your boss hates that sound too.  Nope, we didn’t cook this up ourselves – multiple researches stand by what we’re telling you.   Executives spend an average of 25 hours a week in meetings, yet nearly half of those video calls and project updates could disappear without any negative impact, per a survey of over 10,000 desk workers by Future Forum.   Reluctantly going to noncritical meetings wastes about USD100 million a year at big organisations, according to another survey.  The studies found the top reason why business leaders went to unproductive meetings is that they thought it would be a good use of time, but ultimately wasn’t.  They also attend because they’re afraid to miss something important, and to show their own manager they’re working.   Reminds us of that old saying – ‘this meeting could have been an email’.  Just like the one you are reading now.  AI: Why Google Is Taking It Nice And Easy What You Know The once-a-little-known startup, OpenAI, took on Big G head-on in a fight for the spot as AI’s top dog.  Within just 60 days of its release, ChatGPT amassed 100 million+ users worldwide. Also, since it saw daylight, ChatGPT has passed multiple prestigious graduate-level exams in law and business, even going as far as passing the United States Medical Licensing Exam (USMLE).  On the flip side, Google recently released an ad for Bard (it’s own AI tool) that had incorrect information coming directly from the chatbot, resulting in the loss of over USD100 billion in market value for the tech giant. What You Also Know Even with an unspectacular tech stack, ChatGPT’s decision to offer AI to the masses through the web has revolutionised text generation through automation, having big ramifications on sectors like education, employment, and, particularly relevant to Google, the evolution of online searches.  On the other hand, Google has only allowed some groups to test out Bard before its full public release in the near future.  Plus, Blake Lemoine, an ex Googler, stirred up a storm by publishing a document in which he proposed the possibility of the AI being sentient. (ChatGPT had its share of lobotomy as well, BTW) What You Don’t Know ChatGPT might be winning the AI race for now, but soon Sam Altman will probably have to fly to Washington DC and spend afternoons with an 85-year-old farmer-turned-Senator from Idaho, to explain why his great-granddaughter was suspended from private middle school for using something called “the GPT AI.”  Jokes apart, our resident AI/ML lead, Dipak Singh, is doing some transformational work for enterprises with ChatGPT, Analytics and Artificial Intelligence in general. Reach out to Dipak to explore a solution for your organisation BFSI: Apple Is Ummm, A Bank Now? For all practical considerations, yes.  Let us explain. Sometime back, Apple drove an armoured cash van through the American banking industry.  Yeah?  True. While the average bank is paying less than 0.5% on savings accounts, the USD2.6 trillion tech giant announced it would dish out 4.15% (that’s 10X the national average) annual returns to savers. This, when regional American banks are balking in the wake of the Silicon Valley Bank crisis to maintain their deposit bases, and cash-starved fintech startups are gasping for breath.  Is It A Gravity Game Changer? Pretty much. Per Forbes, “as trust in traditional banks falters, the two most iconic names in tech and finance are joining together to create what might become America’s mightiest FinTech.”  Clarification on the other iconic name – since Apple does not have a banking license, it has teamed up with Goldman Sachs Bank, USA.  In pure fintech jargon, Apple is now a neobank like Jupiter and Fi Money – except its ginormous brand strength, with over two billion iPhones globally, is now serving as Goldman’s branch network.  At 4.5%, Where Are The Profits? Apple’s 10X returns savings account is less about profits than it is about bringing more iPhone owners under Apple and Goldman’s financial umbrella.  While two billion people around the world own Apple devices, fewer than 10% are Apple Card users, meaning there is a megatron* market opportunity waiting to be tapped already.  Net earnings from interest margins may not be Goldman’s priority either.   Profits or no profits, the iPhone user is certainly not complaining.  *megatron is a myth, but it sounds so cool, we used it for effect.  Pharma: Unable To Pear The Loss Pharma technology pioneers, here’s a reality check – one that is brought to you, courtesy, insurance companies.  What The Eff? Yes, Pear Therapeutics, creator of 3 FDA-cleared prescription apps to help treat substance use disorder and insomnia, just announced that it is, err, bankrupt, as the tech startup struggled to get insurers to pay for its technology.  Btw, we are talking about America here.  While doctors were willing to prescribe digital therapeutics and patients were willing to use them, “that isn’t enough,” Pear’s CEO Corey McCann wrote in this LinkedIn post.  “Payors have the ability to deny payment for therapies that are clinically necessary, effective, and cost-saving.” What made Pear special? Clinical robustness: Through high quality clinical trials, Pear demonstrated enhanced patient outcomes in substance use disorder and insomnia. Regulatory blessing: One of the earliest to get US-FDA approval, Pear saw 10,000+ prescriptions written for its digital solution. Investor enthusiasm: Pear raised USD300M in equity, USD100M in debt and went public last year with a valuation of USD1B+. Key Takeaway? Per Tushar Sadhu on LinkedIn, “external capital comes with its powers and responsibilities. Unrealistic valuation and pre-mature IPO undid the good work the company had done in product creation.”  Stuff We Are Watching  GoI’s Chatbot Plan: The Government of India is working to create a multilingual ChatGPT-like chatbot helpline that can be used to manage grievances of disgruntled consumers.   USD100,000 Saved by AI: ChatGPT use cases now run into millions, populating every nook and corner of social timelines, but how does

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INT. Pulse

SNBL

March 22, 2023

As the whole world is going bananas over BNPL (buy now, pay later), Africa has dropped a new fintech model on its shoppers. And it’s something so cool, you’ve never heard of it – SNBL, aka, save now, buy later. While BNPL has skyrocketed worldwide and given us juggernauts like Klarna, this arm of fintech is facing backlash too, with many realising it encourages overspending and can lead to nasty debt traps. The wise are also asking if it’s commercially sustainable, as Klarna saw its valuation cut 85% from USD46B to USD7B. Save now, pay later is like an upfront answer to that. SNBL providers across emerging markets reiterate that the model is better aligned with existing cultural practices and furthers consumers’ long-term financial health. African fintech investors are believing the story wholeheartedly too. Let’s try saying this aloud – ‘Flipkart save now, buy later.’ ✅ Sounds like a million bucks already. AI/ML: When A Monkey Took A Selfie From horses to automobiles, postcards to emails, or even film to digicams, there’s a long history of backlash towards emerging technologies. As exhibited by the image above, when cinema introduced audio, people asked: “But what will happen to the orchestra?” The obvious worry was that the orchestra that played alongside silent films would be out of a job. Though the concern was valid, ultimately, the introduction of sound into movies dramatically expanded the music industry, increasing net employment many times over. Also, jobs like Sound Editor and Sound Mixer emerged out of empty auditorium seats. As generative AI reinvents industries (yes, some jobs will be replaced), it’s worth remembering past reactions to new technologies, and that the pie has often grown larger, albeit in ways we cannot foresee when we are in the moment. 💡 The design world vehemently opposed photoshop when it dropped. Of course photoshop has its downsides, but it also ushered in a new era of visual expression and spawned millions of jobs worldwide. 🙈 Also note that you can’t copyright AI art (you may be infringing when you create AI art though), meaning when a monkey took a selfie, AI art lost the battle before it even started. BFSI: The Safest Bank In The World Before your thoughts start running away to things like ‘mattress’, ‘underground’, or even ‘false ceiling’, please consider this. Many years ago, a startup called Narrow Bank, cooked up a business model of just taking deposits and holding 100% of them in Federal Reserves. The plan was simple. It would basically make Narrow the safest possible bank. But sadly, they were never granted a Fed Account or even access to their electronic payment services. The Narrow Bank even went to court over it and lost. What’s Wrong With Super Safety? 🤔 If one bank is “too safe”, it can suck deposits out of the whole system towards itself, meaning most of the current two-tier banking system wouldn’t make sense, if that full-reserve bank existed. Moral Of The Story: Regulators ironically want banks to be safe, but for none to be too safe. 🔔 If you’re a professional making banking ‘safer’ with technology, Souvik is always around to help you explore and deploy the best-fit tech stack for your BFS system. Reach him here. . . ­Pharma: GPT4 And Drug Discovery Drug discovery is an incredibly complex process. Zeroing in on a target molecule, testing each compound for value and toxicity, and then modifying the molecules appropriately for clinical trials are the general steps involved. As a result, it often takes years to find a viable chemical using this ‘hit to lead’ method. Then There’s GPT4 Toying With It Simply give it a currently available drug and it can: Find compounds with similar properties Modify them to make sure they’re not patented Purchase them from a supplier (includes sending an email automatically with a purchase order). Here’s the complete paper for your perusal. ✋ If you need to know more about how data, analytics, ML and AI can augment your pharma business (we understand there’s much more to it than discovering drugs using AI), get in touch with Dipak, our lead data scientist. Stuff We Are Watching 📌 Overdue Diligence: Please spare a thought for the Saudi National Bank, because just a couple of months back, they invested USD1.5 billion in Credit Suisse to pick up a 10% stake. Today the same stake is valued at ~ 🥜🥜, a total write off in a matter of weeks. 📌 Expensive Errors: Beyond the human cost of healthcare medication errors, the WHO estimates the global cost to be USD42 billion annually. Per this study, 8 out of 10 healthcare tech professionals are willing to increase spends to minimise preventable medical errors. 📌 The Coolest Tech Billionaire: Meet Mark Leonard, the founder and CEO of Constellation Software – a company like none other. Why? Because since its debut at USD70 million at the Toronto Stock Exchange, the company has increased in value by ~ 70,000% 🚀­🙋🏻‍♀️ Before we wrap up the March edition of Pulse, here’s a conversation we overheard on social. Chappie #1 – Instagram is dead. In the next 3 – 5 years, every single image on social media will be generated by AI. And here is the kicker: It will be impossible to tell fake from reality. Chappie #2 – Instagram is the kingdom of fake. Care to elaborate how better fakes represent a danger to the business model? Party Crasher Elon – These days, if it looks shoddy and fake, it’s probably real. 🤷🏻‍♀️ 💡 Simply hit reply to this email and get instantly connected to a team of 850+ experts to start any kind of conversation, or to be featured in this monthly newsletter – read by over 22,000 professionals like yourself. See you in April. Cheers! Team INT.

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Technophobia

What Is Technophobia and How to Overcome It?

October 14, 2016

If you have ever hesitated to use your child’s smartphone or wondered how to operate a computer without someone giving you guidance, you may not be alone. A number of people find it difficult to deal with technology, and gadgets inspire fear in them. Some people take this fear to an extreme and may be called ‘technophobics’ by psychologists. “Many people experience technophobia, and being technophobic can make even simple gadgets feel overwhelming or intimidating.” People with technophobia often experience intense tech fear when faced with new digital devices. “Many people who fear technology gradually develop a deeper phobia of technology as digital devices become more integrated into everyday life. Despite the rise of technophobia, even many technophobes are beginning to rely on smartphones for daily tasks. To understand the technophobe meaning, we first need to ask, what is technophobia? Some individuals experience tech fear—the fear of technology, called technophobia. Tech phobia is common among people who fear tech and feel overwhelmed by rapid digital change. The phobia of computers, meaning of technophobia, is becoming more widely discussed as technology advances. Technology fear often grows into a deeper fear of technology when someone feels overwhelmed by rapid change. Her fear of laptops grew into a broader techophobia that affected her daily life. Tachnophobia can arise when computer fear becomes overwhelming and people avoid using technology altogether. Technophobia is not an officially recognized mental illness, but it is the extreme and irrational fear of technology. Usually, this fear is related to irrational fear of computers, robots, artificial intelligence, weapons, and other such things that seem advanced in scientific thought. Many people fear genetically modified organisms (GMOs) too, though research shows that they are safe to consume. In other words, fear of science and technology is a very real problem in our societies, and it wouldn’t be an exaggeration to say that one can find a technophobe around every street corner. Technology phobia is common among people who fear tech and feel overwhelmed by rapid digital changes. People with technophobia often fear tech because they worry it will be too difficult to control or understand. Fear or just aversion to technology? Yet, in this article, we are going to discuss technophobia as a general term, not as the extreme avoidance of computers as people understand it. So, for the scope of this article, technophobia is hesitation or aversion towards new technologies, especially cloud technology, mobile applications, the use of the Internet, and coding. This is a huge problem today because a number of businesses are still using computers that run on Windows XP, and refuse to bring in any sort of technological advancement to their companies. This has resulted in loss of growth, stagnation of economy and a general sense of lethargy that is simply not required. The fear of technology, often referred to as tech phobia, can prevent people from embracing modern digital tools. [php snippet=1] Most of these companies that refuse to adopt new technologies often have CEOs that are resistant to changes, directors who are technophobic in the real term, and people who just do not want to see any kind of changes made at all. All these categories of people have hampered the growth of their own companies and of society in general. In this article, let us understand what technophobia is and how we can overcome it so that newer technologies can be adopted without fearing them. Of course, this is not going to happen all of a sudden and will take time, but the effort put in is certainly worth it. A technophobe is someone whose fear of technology is called technophobia. Self-help Self-help does not get the credit it usually deserves. While books like The Secret and others are panned by certain people, there are a lot of self-help techniques that can actually work. You will need to find out what is best for you. If you believe your aversion towards technology is irrational and that it must be paid attention to, you have already reached a certain level of insight. This insight can further be developed into making positive changes in life that will help to introduce technology slowly but surely. Her technophobia, a deep fear of technology, made her avoid using smartphones and computers. Fear of technology is called technophobia, and fear of computers is called logizomechanophobia. For example, Sam was fearful of smartphones. He initially purchased a basic cellphone model and graduated to using a smartphone. He did not give his number to everyone and instead, only allowed his daughter to call him. Slowly, he started to converse with his friends on the phone and in the end, he encouraged himself to check emails, call the customer, etc. Counseling If self help techniques do not help, counseling can be the next step. Counselors do not train mental health issues nor are they trained to do that. They only help you to gain clarity about your situation and advise what could be the best thing to do. Counselors may assess your situation and tell you why you are avoiding technology though it is obviously harming you. They may teach you certain techniques and listen to you patiently when you discuss your fears. Most people may ridicule your technophobia but a counselor will validate your fears and emotions. That alone is enough to help you start making positive changes in your life. For Example: Nicole always avoided her computer and was not able to use Skype to make video calls to her son. She sought the help of a counselor who pointed out that if she avoids her fear, she will never overcome it. Nicole slowly started to make video calls to not only her son, but also to her colleagues. Support groups When just counseling will not help, you may seek the help of support groups. Support groups are great for people who wish to share their stories with others. They can also learn from others how they are dealing with a

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Web Aesthetics: Why Black and White Themes Are Great for Websites

October 31, 2012

Most web design students learn a lot about colors and the psychology behind colors. They are taught how to use photo illustration and 3D tools and how to mix and match colors in order to communicate with website visitors effectively. However, there is a school of thought that sees web designing in black and white, literally. They believe that colors are not necessary in some cases, and by just sticking to black and white, one can communicate with the audience ever more powerfully. The director used black and white themes to highlight the stark contrast between truth and deception. The contract is written in black and white, leaving no room for misunderstanding between the two companies. Many designers prefer black and white websites because a black and white website emphasizes simplicity and strong visual hierarchy. Designers often use a black and white background to create contrast in their black and white websites. The black and white web design perfectly complements the minimalist black and white theme of the brand. While exploring the black and orange website meaning, I realized its bold contrast was very different from the minimalist feel of a black and white theme. The design stands out beautifully against a white background, but it looks even more striking on a black background. The design features a white black theme set against a striking black and white background. Encountering a website that only has black or white can only be successful if one understands the idea behind such a design decision. In fact, any website must reflect a company’s personality and character, and by choosing just these two colors, companies will communicate certain things subliminally and subconsciously. Let us understand what these mysterious messages that black and white websites send to their audiences are. The design uses a black-and-white aesthetic to create clean, white-background websites. The design blends black and white aesthetics with subtle themes white to create a clean, minimalist atmosphere. Black and White Symbolism It is important to understand what black and white stand for symbolically before we understand why black and white websites are so popular and attractive in spite of being ‘colorless.’ Black has always stood for darkness, mystery, enigma, mourning, and sometimes even death and danger. White, on the other hand, symbolizes purity, clarity of thought, justice, fairness, and peace. I redesigned the project to give the black and white theme a cleaner feel, making the entire website black and white for a minimalist look. The design’s aesthetics—black and white—stand out beautifully against the clean black-and-white background. When black and white are juxtaposed against each other, the results are something very different from their individual symbolic meanings. When black text or creative copy is transposed against a white background, what results is a minimalist and simplistic communication. It is classical, powerful, and extremely elegant. This timeless and elegant combination of colors ensures that your website is taken seriously, without distractions forced by other colors. The Webseiten Award jury praised the site’s elegant use of a black-and-white meaning in business aesthetics to convey professionalism and trust. By using just black and white, companies can avoid all the risks and controversies associated with other colors. Designers can concentrate more on how images and videos appear on the white background alongside black text, instead of worrying about unnecessary details. A designer can better concentrate on typography, which is very important in attracting and sustaining the interest of audiences. In fact, a white background and great typography or a font in black is all that a company or business needs to ensure that its communication reaches its audience without any distraction, and that too in a timeless, elegant, and stylish manner. When analyzing black and white themes in design, understanding the black and white theme meaning helps reveal how contrast can evoke clarity, elegance, and emotional depth. Less Is Always More When a designer uses black and white themes, he or she can ensure that there is minimal distraction and maximum emphasis on content. This results in sustained attention and concentration, without causing cognitive dissonance, which is very common when a viewer is hammered with several colors all at once, resulting in dilution of the message. Like Apple’s Steve Jobs always said, less is more. This philosophy is extremely crucial in designing websites and the more colors and text one forces on to the screen, the less a viewer or visitor would be interested in understanding what the website is all about. Highlighting Creativity When it comes to highlighting art, images and videos, there is no better background than a white one, as it allows the viewer to solely concentrate on the media than the canvas around it. Thus, almost all art and creative websites use a white background as that helps to highlight what is most important. In addition to creative abnd artistic websites, news and information based websites benefit a lot from white backgrounds as well. When a striking font is used, the text becomes the highlight of the webpage, rather than anything else. If style and aesthetics are important, using a white and black theme is very crucial. Other Colors and Conclusion It is a well known fact that in Rorschach Inkblot Tests, when an individual sees only monochromatic colors or achromatic colors like black, white or grey, he or she is judged to be experiencing emotional difficulties. If you want to reduce emotional responses caused by peripheral colors, choosing a white and black theme is necessary. Sometimes, red or orange can be used along with black and white, in order to highlight something that actually requires attention. Notes, remarks and notices can be designed to appear in blood red or bright orange, which adds to the contrast of the website’s appearance. To conclude, white and black backgrounds are professional, timeless, classic and very stylish and elegant. They reduce distractions and allow viewers and audiences to pay attention what is important, resulting in successful web communication.

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