We could have written paeans about FinTech a couple of years ago, but to do so now would be to sing praises about what is already the norm. FinTech, the inevitable result of finance services making use of technology to enhance solutions and services, is the single largest disruptor in the world of finance. In addition to being a disruptive development, FinTech has evolved into becoming almost conventional, replacing legacy methods and making them seem archaic. Yet, a closer observation reveals that there is a lot of disruption taking place even within contemporary FinTech. Technology has driven FinTech to continuously evolve itself, and newer players continue to give a run for their competitors’ money almost every day. In this article, we briefly recap the growth of FinTech and contextually place this growth in a situation that continues to bring disruptive innovation in payments. We shall also take a look at certain trends driving this disruption, and what we can expect from this exciting development in the near future. The growth of FinTech While it may sound like a fancy term, FinTech isn’t actually very new. Using technology to drive financial procedures has been around since the 1900s in various forms. From being able to wire money to someone in a different part of the world to modern peer-to-peer payments, FinTech has come a long way. Barclays opened the first ATM in the world in 1967, and Wells Fargo kick-started the world’s first online checking account in 1995. PayPal came to being in 1998, and online transactions and payments have grown exponentially ever since. Apple Pay, which was announced in 2016, was another watershed moment, as it heralded a new smartphone-based payments solution. Finally, blockchain-based payment technology gave rise not only to cryptocurrency, but also to smarter payments, seamless insurance claims processing, loan disbursals, and contactless payments. We had recently written an article about how Blockchain is bringing winds of change to the insurance sector. Drivers of the change As we can see, FinTech has evolved dramatically in the last few years due to rapidly evolving technology. However, market behavior and changes within finance sector have also been major drivers of change. In this section, let us take a look at three aspects of this disruptive innovation in payments. Technological development It goes without saying that technology is a big reason for disruptive changes in FinTech. In particular, artificial intelligence and blockchain have caused tremendous changes in the finance sector, propelling drastic changes that have taken even FinTech players by surprise. For example, PayPal and other peer-to-peer payments solutions were taken by surprise when cryptocurrency came to being. Blockchain in fintech is the single-most disruptive situation at the moment. Cryptocurrency players like Bitcoin etc. were taken by surprise when Ethereum-based legal peer-to-peer payments application started to be launched. For instance, blockchain-based claims processing, stock purchase, and Ethereum-based P2P payments solutions are quickly taking over traditional smartphone-based payments applications. Smart contracts have enabled seamless and secure transactions, making financial procedures more reliable than they ever were. In fact, it wouldn’t be an exaggeration to call blockchain a cultural phenomenon. For an industry that focuses much of its energy on building and maintaining trust, blockchain and smart contracts-enabled applications are almost a godsend. It wouldn’t be an exaggeration to state that technology itself is driving change and causing more disruptive innovation in the field of FinTech. Those who aren’t part of this exciting evolution will quickly be left behind. In-store mobile payments are touted to exceed $503 billion by 2020. Just in the US, a whopping 150 million people are expected to use in-store mobile payments. The spending ability of mobile payments users is very high. They spend twice as much as non-users do, and earn at least $70,000 a year. Security-related doubts have been a hurdle for mobile payments adoption. 47% of cybersecurity professionals felt mobile payments weren’t secure enough at the moment, as opposed to just 23% feeling confident. Public Wi-Fi is the greatest vulnerability with respect to mobile payments, with a threat figure of 26%. This is closely followed by stolen devices, a situation whose threat figure is 21%. Market trends Increasingly, users have come to expect a lot more than what technology can offer at the moment. We can describe this as a market that’s so spoiled by choices that even the most disruptive technology no longer feels like disruption. Consumer behavior has shifted from being awestruck by disruption to expecting innovation by default. In other words, services that do not seem innovative enough for consumers simply get ignored. This has forced most industry players to closely study consumer behavior and surpass their expectations. This isn’t usually possible because users have come to expect a lot more than what technology realistically allows us to do. Yet, FinTech companies and solutions providers have to work harder to keep pace with market expectations ad and focus on driving change. Adopting innovation and complex technologies such as artificial intelligence, data analytics, and blockchain will help FinTech companies to surpass market expectations and bring value to the services they launch. Data analytics, in particular, can help FinTech entities to study consumer behavior closely and launch FinTech products that match market expectations. Industry changes There are a number of changes within the industry that are propelling disruptive changes within FinTech sector. Banks are desperate to retain their roles in the finance space, and payments intermediaries may simply vanish, because of smart contracts and distributed ledger technology. The same distributed ledger technology is helping FinTech organizations to make cross-border payments instantaneous, giving rise to new corporate and consumer solutions that will enable instant international payments a reality. Fintech companies have also begun to make use of open APIs, machine learning, and robotic process automation to enhance the experience. Most importantly, a lot of FinTech activity currently is focused on thwarting cyber-attacks, ensuring data privacy and safety, secure financial transactions, and eliminating payment frauds. Blockchain, smart contracts, artificial intelligence and machine learning are currently top
